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Of the countless trains running on Japan’s 20,000-kilometer (12,000-mile) rail network, a few are decorated with images of anime and manga characters, colorful ads, and designs by notable artists. Here is a small sample.

Pikachu on Seto line, Aichi prefecture

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Galaxy Express 999 train, Furusato-Ginga line, Hokkaido [Photo]

Characters from Leiji Matsumoto’s “Galaxy Express 999″ anime/manga adorn this train that used to run on the Furusato-Ginga line in Hokkaido. The train line closed down in 2006.

Galaxy Express 999 train, Furusato-Ginga line, Hokkaido [More photos]

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Pink ninja train, Iga line, Mie prefecture [Photo]

Matsumoto also created a series of ninja train designs for the Iga line in Mie prefecture, the birthplace of ninjutsu.

Blue ninja train, Iga line, Mie prefecture [Photo]

Here’s some video of the ninja trains cruising the Mie countryside:

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Spiderman train, JR Yumesaki line, Osaka [Photo]

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Some trains on the Kakogawa line in Hyōgo prefecture feature designs by graphic artist Tadanori Yokoo. Yokoo was born in Hyōgo.

Yokoo’s eyeball train, Kakogawa line, Hyōgo prefecture [More]

Yokoo’s waterfall train, Kakogawa line, Hyōgo prefecture [More]

Yokoo’s galactic travel train, Kakogawa line, Hyōgo prefecture [Photo]

Yokoo’s Y-junction train, Kakogawa line, Hyōgo prefecture [More]

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Doraemon train, Seikan Tunnel Tappi Shakō Line, Hokkaido [Photo]

This Doraemon train runs back and forth through the Seikan Tunnel, an undersea railway connecting Honshu and Hokkaido.

More Doraemon trains in Hokkaido

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Wild boar decoration, Eizan line, Kyoto prefecture [Photo]

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Kitarō train, Tottori line, Tottori prefecture [More]

Trains on the Tottori line in Tottori prefecture are decorated with characters from Shigeru Mizuki’s “GeGeGe no Kitarō” manga/anime series. Mizuki was born in Tottori prefecture.

Medama-oyaji on Kitarō train, Tottori line [More]

Kitarō train, Tottori line [Photo]

Ceiling inside Kitarō train, Tottori line [More]

Neko-musume train, Tottori line [Photo: Rie Nakaya]

Ceiling inside Neko-musume train, Tottori line [Photo: Rie Nakaya]

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Chunichi Dragons subway, Nagoya [Photo]

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Ninja Hattori-kun train, Himi line, Toyama prefecture [Photo]

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Ultraman trains, Tokyu Toyoko line, Tokyo [More]

These trains on the Tokyu Toyoko line in Tokyo were decorated to commemorate Ultraman’s 40th anniversary and promote a movie.

Ultraman train, Tokyo Tokyo line, Tokyo. [Photo: sanchome]

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Meiji Milk Chocolate ad (Enoshima) // Thomas train (Kyoto prefecture)

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Ad for Tokimeki Memorial 3, Tokyo-Arakawa line, Tokyo [More]

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Cyborg 009 train, Senseki line, Miyagi prefecture [Photo]

Miyagi prefecture is the birthplace of manga/anime artist Ishinomori Shōtarō, whose works include Cyborg 009 and the Kamen Rider Series. Some of his characters adorn trains on the Senseki line.

Himitsu Sentai Goranger train, Senseki line, Miyagi prefecture [More]

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Gunma Safari Park ad train, Joshin line, Gunma prefecture [Photo]

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Anpanman train, JR Shikoku, Shikoku [Photo, More]

Yanase Takashi, creator of the Anpanman anime series, is from Kochi prefecture in Shikoku. The JR Shikoku railway network operates some Anpanman-themed trains.

Anpanman train interior, JR Shikoku, Shikoku [More]

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One-Piece ad train, Enoshima Electric Railway [More]

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Pichon-kun on the Skytrain, Bangkok, Thailand [Photo]

Japanese characters can occasionally be found on trains in other countries. This photo shows Pichon-kun, the robot mascot of Japanese air-conditioning manufacturer Daikin, on the side of the Skytrain in Bangkok, Thailand.

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YKK train ad, Yamanote line, Tokyo [Photo]

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Pokemon on Tohoku Shinkansen [Photo]

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There’s certainly no shortage of J-this and J-that giants in Japan, with the likes of J-Com, J-Mart and the country’s football-focused J-League to name but a few. Plus, in a nod to nostalgia and name recognition, there’s the now newly named but not forgotten, J-Phone. The latter for a long time favouring the face, and indeed figure, of Norika Fujiwara for promotional purposes.

However, as ample as Ms Fujiwara’s assets may be, they fall way short of the titanic talents of Hitomi. A young lady who now helps jam a ginormous amount of Japan into J-Cup. And, despite having her knockers, as well as keeping any concrete concepts close to her chest, she is still expected to bust out into the big time and make absolutely massive mammaries mainstream.

Maybe.

(click image for sort of not safe for work super-sized, erm, stardom)

Japanese J-Cups

Originally from Tokyo Times

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With a considerable number of Japanese cars coming in the somewhat characterless colours of silver and white, it’s nice to come across a car now and again that somebody really cares about. Or at least one that’s been carefully customised.

This one in particular being a decidedly beefy looking beast that boasts, along with other fun features, a flag pole.

A contraption for conceivably hoisting huge images of its car club patron saint, who is either the Madonna, or the other one with the critically acclaimed kid.

Or maybe even a mawkish melding of the two.

Customised Japanese car

Originally from Tokyo Times

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The multi-talented Motoman SDA10, a dexterous dual-arm industrial robot manufactured by Yaskawa Electric, is demonstrating its ability to cook okonomiyaki at the International Next-Generation Robot Fair now underway in Osaka.

Designed to operate independently alongside humans in the workplace, the 135-centimeter (4.5 ft) tall, 220-kilogram (480 lb) industrial robot has 15 joints — 7 in each arm and one in the torso — allowing a wide range of motion for the job, whether it be on the factory floor or behind the kitchen counter.

For a peek at Motoman’s dexterity, check out this video (from Fuji TV’s “The Best House 1-2-3″) of the robot delicately assembling a disposable camera from two dozen parts. The robot completes the complicated series of tasks in two minutes.

This high degree of manual precision comes in handy when grilling up okonomiyaki.

As a chef, the Motoman relies on speech recognition technology to take verbal orders from customers. Using standard kitchen utensils, the robot mixes the okonomiyaki batter, pours it onto the iron grill, forms it into a round pancake-like disk, flips it, puts it on a plate when done, and applies condiments.

No word yet on the taste.

[Photos: AFP]

See also:
- MOTOMAN: Industrial-strength taiko drummer
- Worker bot sorts packages

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+ Pulsar (1990)

Milky white blockheads, lizardmen and assorted geometrical objects get their wiggle on in this quirky stop-motion animation short by Katsushi Bowda.

For an extra dose, see Bowda’s surreal sequence from Winter Days, a 2003 collaborative animated film based on a renku (collaborative poem) by 17th-century Japanese poet Bashō.

+ Winter Days / Fuyu no hi [19]

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They may be cute, but they thirst for blood. These official mascot characters are tasked with recruiting blood donors in Japan.

Japan’s most well-known blood donation mascot is Kenketsu-chan (”blood donation girl”), a little pixie with big shiny drops of blood for ears. Kenketsu-chan is the official blood donation mascot of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, which maintains a website devoted to the character.

Kenketsu-chan

From the site, we know that Kenketsu-chan’s ears shrink when she runs low on blood, but return to their original size when people donate. We also know that she comes from Tasuke Island (Help Island), which features a heart-shaped spring at its center. The spring shoots forth rainbows that carry Kenketsu-chan to wherever people need blood.

As the Japanese government’s official blood donation mascot, Kenketsu-chan is often seen working alongside the nation’s numerous regional mascots.

Kokoron-chan

The blood donation mascot of Iwate prefecture is Kokoron-chan, whose name is derived from the word “kokoro” (heart). She was designed to evoke an image of peace, warm-heartedness and blood.

Kibichii-chan // Yūton-kun // Otasuke Ketta-kun

Kibichii-chan, who has been employed by Fukushima prefecture since 1996, takes her name from “kibitaki” (Narcissus Flycatcher, a songbird indigenous to the region) and “chi” (blood). Yūton-kun is from Kyoto, and Otasuke-ketta-kun is from Hokkaidō.

Aipii // Chiipitto

Aipii works the blood drives in Ehime prefecture, and Chiipitto — whose name is a play on the words “chi” (blood) and “kyūpitto” (Cupid) — works in Hiroshima prefecture.

Ken-chan and Chii-chan // CrossKid-kun

Ken-chan and Chii-chan, whose names mean “donation girl” and “blood girl,” serve the town of Iwaki in Fukushima prefecture. Standing side by side, they form the hiragana character for “i” (い), which stands for Iwaki and inochi (life). Akita prefecture’s CrossKid-kun (Kurosukiddo-kun) is a cedar tree-shaped boy with a red cross on his chest. His name is a play on the words “cross,” “kurosugi” (a type of cedar) and “kid.”

Ebio-kun

Ebio-kun, whose name is pronounced “A-B-O” (like the blood types), is the official blood donation mascot of Saitama prefecture.

Buratto-kun // Chii-tan

Buratto-kun, whose name means “blood boy,” is employed by Aomori prefecture. Chii-tan, or “blood girl,” works in Shiga prefecture.

Otasuke Kenta // Dr. Blood

Osaka prefecture uses two mascot characters to attract donors — Otasuke Kenta and Dr. Blood.

Blood-kun

Finally, Blood-kun is the official blood donation character of Niigata prefecture. According to his website, Blood-kun carries a backpack full of blood. He has short legs but can run fast when hurrying to deliver blood, and his red hat turns into a flashing warning light in an emergency. The spiral on his stomach represents blood circulation. He appreciates it when people offer to fill up his backpack.

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The largest-ever migration of baby harp seal robots from Japan is about to begin, following an agreement by Denmark to purchase 1,000 of them for use in health care facilities. Paro, a human-interactive robotic seal developed by Japan’s National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), has scientifically demonstrated the ability to elicit emotions, activate the mind and calm nerves in patients at hospitals and nursing homes, earning it the Guinness title of “world’s most therapeutic robot.” Although the well-traveled Paro now resides at welfare institutions in more than 20 nations around the world, the Danish government is the first organization to make a large-scale purchase. Denmark aims to have the Paro robots in their new homes by 2011.

[Sources: Jiji, Chunichi]

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The Amami rabbit — a threatened species found only in the Ryūkyū Islands — may become Japan’s first endangered animal clone. Scientists at Osaka’s Kinki University have cloned an embryo of the endangered rabbit and are awaiting its birth next month, it was announced earlier this week.

The Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) is a nocturnal, forest-dwelling “primitive” rabbit with dark fur, short legs, large curved claws and small ears. Found only on the islands of Amami-Ōshima and Toku-no-Shima, it is sometimes called a “living fossil” for its resemblance to ancient rabbits that once inhabited the Asian mainland. The Amami rabbit’s dwindling population — now estimated at between 2,000 and 5,000 — has earned it a spot on Japan’s endangered species list.

To produce the clone, researchers took a cell from the ear of a dead Amami rabbit and injected it into the unfertilized egg of an ordinary lab rabbit. After the egg developed into the cloned embryo, researchers inserted it into the oviduct of a lab rabbit surrogate. The clone will be born in the coming weeks if the pregnancy comes to term. The chances of success are slim, though, as cloning pregnancies typically have a high failure rate. However, the scientists are prepared to repeat the process until a clone is born.

Although some people see cloning as a promising tool for restoring endangered populations when natural breeding is not possible, others argue it is more important to address the actual causes of the population decline. Deforestation and road accidents are major reason for the Amami rabbit’s decline, as is the predatory mongoose, which humans released on the islands to control the snake population.

Pet dogs and cats also pose a danger to the species. In June, motion-sensitive cameras set up to monitor Amami rabbit activity on the island of Amami-Ōshima captured the image of a feral domestic cat dragging a freshly killed carcass through the forest.

If the experiment succeeds, the Amami rabbit will join a growing list of endangered animals that have been cloned. Previous examples include the Asian gaur (a rare ox native to India and Burma), which died two days after it was born in the US in 2001, as well as the European mouflon (a Mediterranean wild sheep) and the Junqueira cow (Brazil).

Regardless of the outcome, the researchers suggest a degree of caution. Although cloning may potentially be used to preserve rare species, little is known about the long-term environmental impact, they said.

[Source: Asahi]

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Publishing company Jiyu Kokuminsha has released its annual list of the 60 most popular Japanese catchwords and phrases of the year. This diverse collection of expressions highlights many of the events, trends and people that caught the attention of the Japanese mass media in 2008.

From this list, a panel of judges will select the 2008 Japanese catchphrase of the year (and 10 runners-up) and announce the winners on December 1. The expressions are listed below in no particular order.

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1. Guerrilla rainstorm (gerira gōu - ゲリラ豪雨): Sudden, unpredictable rainstorms struck Japan with alarming frequency and intensity this year. Although the expression “guerrilla rainstorm” has been in use for about 30 years, this summer’s abnormally unstable weather really hammered home the meaning.

2. Dumb characters (obaka-kyara - おバカキャラ): “Dumb characters,” a.k.a. “dumb idols” (obaka-aidoru - おバカアイドル), are entertainers loved for their lack of brains. Nobody better embodies this phenomenon than clueless TV talents Mai Satoda, Suzanne and Yukina Kinoshita, who, as regular guests on Fuji TV’s “Quiz! Hexagon” trivia show, made a name for themselves by consistently displaying a stunning lack of basic knowledge.

Pabo

The trio recently formed a musical group called “Pabo” (which means “idiot” in Korean) and released their first CD in September.

3. Subprime (sabupuraimu - サブプライム): The word “subprime” began seeping into the public consciousness last year, but it was relatively easy to ignore because the problem remained confined to the other side of the Pacific. The word took on greater significance this year as the mess washed up on Japan’s shores.

4. Morning banana (asa banana - 朝バナナ): Years of online discussion between weight-conscious Mixi users resulted in the creation of the “Morning Banana Diet,” a simple diet program which, among other things, involves eating bananas for breakfast. The diet program took the nation and mainstream media by storm after it was featured on a popular TV show. Sporadic banana shortages occurred at some supermarkets as suppliers struggled to keep up with demand. [More]

5. Change (チェンジ): While Obama brought a message of “change” to the United States, Fuji TV delivered a hit drama, entitled “Change,” starring SMAP idol Kimutaku (Takuya Kimura) as a school teacher who reluctantly becomes prime minister.

6. Crystal jelly (owan kurage - オワンクラゲ): The crystal jelly, a.k.a. Aequorea victoria, is a bioluminescent jellyfish found off the west coast of North America.

The creature was thrust into the spotlight this year after marine biologist and organic chemist Osamu Shimomura, along with Martin Chalfie and Roger Y. Tsien, were awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the jellyfish and developing it as an important biological research tool. [More]

7. Rozen Aso (ローゼン麻生): “Rozen Aso” is the nickname of current prime minister Taro Aso, a manga fan who was once reportedly seen reading “Rozen Maiden” at Haneda Airport. In 2007, as Minister for Foreign Affairs, Aso established the International Manga Award for non-Japanese manga artists. When he announced his candidacy for prime minister after the resignation of Shinzo Abe in 2007, the stock prices of some manga publishers and manga-related companies rose sharply.

8. Akiba-kei (アキバ系): “Akiba-kei” (lit. “Akihabara style”) refers to the geek culture of Tokyo’s Akihabara district, the otaku capital of the world. Synonymous with “otaku,” the expression generally applies to young men who frequent Akihabara and harbor a deep interest in idols, erotic PC games, model figurines and manga, although it can refer to geeky women as well.

9. Hime-den (姫電): This abbreviation of hime-denwa (lit. “princess phone”) describes a garish style of mobile phone decoration popular with junior high and high school girls.

Hime-den

Hime-den are typically decorated with glitter, fake jewels, ribbons, lace, and little teddy bears.

10. Marriage hunting (konkatsu - 婚活): “Konkatsu-Jidai” (”The Times of Marriage-Hunting”), a recent best-selling book by Toko Shirakawa, looks at Japan’s declining marriage rate and the growing difficulty that people in their 30s and 40s face when seeking marriage partners. Recent statistics indicate that 47 percent of men and 32 percent of women in their early 30s are unmarried. These figures appear to be on the rise as people focus more on career than on family, and as more and more people view marriage as a personal preference, not an essential part of life. [More]

11. Air performance (ea-gei - エア芸): This refers to a recent twist on the Japanese art of monomane (impersonation). Unlike conventional monomane artists who do voice impressions, air performers lip sync their imitations to recordings while incorporating well-timed dance moves, gestures and facial expressions. Transsexual entertainer Ai Haruna is well known for her “Air Ayaya” performance, an imitation of idol Aya Matsūra (a.k.a. Ayaya).

12. “You say?” (Iu yo ne? - 言うよね?): Transsexual entertainer Ai Haruna frequently uses this pet expression as a retort when berated. “I U YO NE-” is also the title of her upcoming single.

13. Onee-mans - (onee-manzu - オネエマンズ): Onee-mans (”sister man”) is a popular prime-time NTV variety show featuring a cast of effeminate gay men and transgenders who get together to discuss topics ranging from fashion to cooking.

14. Arafo (アラフォー): “Arafo” — a word coined to refer to females between the ages of 35 to 45 — is an abbreviation of “Around 40,” which also happens to be the title of a popular TV drama that depicts the worries and conflicts of the Arafo generation, particularly with respect to career, love, marriage, childbirth and child rearing.

Incidentally, the word “arasa” (”around 30″), which is used in the fashion industry use to refer to females around 30, was derived from this word. [More]

15. “Lost Generation” (rosu jene (sengen) - ロスジェネ(宣言)): In June, Kamogawa Publishing Co. started a new biannual magazine entitled “Lost Generation,” a self-proclaimed ultra-leftist journal focusing on the themes of “anguish, unease and the absurdities the young people of today face in everyday life.” The magazine takes its name from the so-called Lost Generation of people now in their late 20s and early 30s who came of age during Japan’s lost decade, a period of economic stagnation that followed the collapse of the bubble economy in the early 1990s. [More]

16. Taste for middle-aged men (karesen - カレセン): An abbreviation of “kareta ojisan senmon” (lit. “specialty in withered old men”), “karesen” refers to young women’s interest in middle-aged or older men who are unassuming and calm, but lack strong sex appeal and charm. This type of man is the subject of a photo-heavy book entitled “Karesen,” which profiles a host of dandy gents and extols their virtues.

17. The Crab Cannery Ship (Kanikōsen - 蟹工船): This year saw the surprise revival of “Kanikōsen,” a 1929 novel by Takiji Kobayashi that follows the proletarian struggle of exploited workers on a crab cannery ship. The book sold over 600,000 copies this year, and a contemporary film adaptation (scheduled for release in 2009) is reportedly in the works. [More]

18. Millennial anniversary of the Tale of Genji (genji monogatari sen-nen-ki - 源氏物語千年紀): In 2008, special events were held across Japan to mark the 1,000th anniversary of the Tale of Genji, the world’s oldest novel.　

19. “The Homeless Junior High School Student” (hōmuresu chūgakusei/kaisan - ホームレス中学生／解散!): “The Homeless Junior High School Student” is a best-selling memoir by comedian Hiroshi Tamura, who became homeless as a 10-year-old after the death of his mother and the break-up of his family. Some of the hardships Tamura recounts include spending nights in public parks and eating cardboard and grass to survive. The book sold over 1 million copies within two months of its release, making it the fastest selling non-fiction book on record in Japan. The story was adapted to the screen this year as “Homeless Chugakusei” (”The Homeless Student”).

20. “Ponyo, ponyo ponyo, the fish kid” (ponyo, ponyo ponyo, sakana no ko - ポ～ニョ、ポニョポニョ、さかなの子～): This is a line from the theme song for anime filmmaker Hayao Miyazaki’s “Ponyo on the Cliff by the Sea.” Performed by Fujioka-Fujimaki (famous duo Takaaki Fujioka and Naoya Fujimaki) and eight-year-old Nozomi Ohashi, the song reached No.3 on the Oricon Weekly Charts in August.

21. Michelin (mishuran - ミシュラン): The first Tokyo edition of the Michelin Restaurant Guide was published in 2008, and the city’s eateries received a record number of coveted stars.

Despite some criticism, the guide sold over 300,000 copies the first year. The 2009 edition is due out shortly.

22. “I am one of your works” (watashi wa anata no sakuhin no hitotsu desu - 私もあなたの作品の一つです): Following the death of legendary manga artist Fujio Akatsuka on August 2, comedian and TV personality Tamori (a.k.a. Kazuyoshi Morita) delivered a eulogy, in which he said, “I am one of your multitude of works.” Akatsuka was instrumental in helping Tamori during his early years in show business.

23. “It’s all good.” (kore de ii no da - これでいいのだ): In the eulogy, Tamori also borrowed a phrase used frequently by a character in Akatsuka’s Tensai Bakabon manga series, when he said: “Your liberating ideas helped us accept and affirm the way things really are. That is, you taught us, ‘It’s all good.’”

24. Sekai no Nabeatsu (世界のナベアツ): Sekai no Nabeatsu is the nickname of comedian Atsumu Watanabe, whose inane number-counting gag involves having a conniption fit every time he comes to a multiple of three or a number that has a three in it.

25. “gu~!” (グ～！): Comedienne Edo Harumi’s popular gag involves over-emphasizing the “gu” sound at the end of some words. She also received a lot attention as the celebrity marathon runner at this year’s NTV 24-hour charity telethon, which aims to bringguu in donations from viewers tuningguu in to enjoy the spectacle of a celebrity in pain.

26. Kitaaa! (キターー!!): Comedian Takahiro Yamamoto repopularized the expression “kitaaa!” (”relief!”) after imitating the way actor Yuji Oda used to scream it in eyedrop commercials years ago.

27. “A woman’s life is like walking on a long one-way path.” (Onago no michi wa ippon-michi ni gozaimasu. - おなごの道は一本道にございます。): This is a famous line from episode 6 of “Atsuhime” (lit. “Princess Atsu”), a 50-part NHK drama that chronicles the life of Tensho-in, the wife of 13th Edo shogun Tokugawa Iesada. [More]

28. Kuidaore Taro (くいだおれ太郎): For 60 years, the bespectacled clown mannequin known as Kuidaore Taro played drums and served as mascot outside the famous Kuidaore restaurant in Osaka’s Dotonbori district. Unfortunately, the local icon lost his job when the restaurant shut down this year.

Kuidaore Taro

Instead of putting the clown mascot up for sale, the owner has decided to rent him out as a celebrity for promotional purposes. Expect to see Taro in commercials, festivals and other events in the future. [More]

29. Kimotiiiii (キモティー): Seibu Lions outfielder G.G. Sato is known for driving fans wild with antics like the “Kimotiii!” (”Feels good!”) he belted out on countless occasions this year.

30. Make Legend (meiku rejendo - メーク・レジェンド): This is the slogan of the 2008 Yomiuri Giants baseball team under manager Tatsunori Hara, who beat the odds to win the 2008 Central League Championship. The slogan is reminiscent of the team’s 1996 slogan of “Make Drama” (which, in hybridized Japanese-English, means to achieve success after a dramatic turnaround). That season, the Giants under manager Nagashima captured the Central League pennant and “Make Drama” was recognized as the top catchphrase of 1996.

31. “It was nothing” (he no tsuppari demo nai desu kara - 屁の突っ張りでもないですから): After judo star Satoshi Ishii won gold at the Beijing Olympics, reporters asked him to describe the pressure he felt. Notorious for making bold statements to the press, Ishii said, “It was nothing [compared to what his coach felt].” The champ later shocked the judo world at a garden party hosted by the Emperor, where he announced his intent to quit judo for a career in the burgeoning field of mixed martial arts.

32. Recurrence Prevention Committee (saihatsu bōshi kentō iinkai - 再発防止検討委員会): The sumo world found itself embroiled in scandal again this year after Tokyo police arrested Russian wrestler Wakanoho for marijuana possession. In response, the Japan Sumo Association’s Recurrence Prevention Committee, which was established last year to investigate questionable training practices after the hazing death of a teenage wrestler, conducted a series of random urine tests. Two more Russian sumo wrestlers, Roho and Hakurozan, tested positive for cannabis. To make matters worse, after Wakanoho was permanently banned from the sport in August, he went public with details (and names) that appear to substantiate the allegations of bout rigging that have haunted the Sumo Association for years. [More]

33. Sento-kun/ Manto-kun (せんとくん／まんとくん): Sento-kun, the official mascot character for the Commemorative Events of the 1,300th Anniversary of the Nara-Heijokyo Capital, garnered widespread criticism from the media, religious groups and the blogosphere after he was unveiled in February. A Buddhist child monk with a rack of deer antlers sprouting from his head, Sento-kun is supposed to evoke the image of Nara’s rich Buddhist history and the wild deer that roam freely around town. But some citizens were angry at officials for shutting them out of the decision-making process and wasting 5 million yen (about $50,000) of taxpayer money on what they saw as an ugly mascot.

Sento-kun (left) and Manto-kun (right)

A group of Nara-area designers took matters into their own hands and came up with their own mascot that more closely represents the will of the people and the true spirit of Nara. That mascot is Manto-kun. [More]

34. Izakaya taxi (居酒屋タクシー): In June, about 450 Japanese government bureaucrats admitted to receiving beer, snacks and cash from taxi drivers hired for official journeys at taxpayer expense. Taxi fare from central Tokyo to outlying areas can easily cost 10,000 to 20,000 yen ($100 to $200) per trip, which is good money for the driver. To ensure repeat business and get the leg up on the competition, some drivers started keeping coolers stocked with goodies for their big-spending bureaucrat passengers. When the scandal broke, these taxis came to be referred to as izakaya (”pub”) taxis. [More]

35. Kasumigaseki’s buried treasure (kasumigaseki maizōkin - 霞ヶ関埋蔵金): The “treasure” buried in Tokyo’s Kasumigaseki district (home to Japanese government buildings and institutions) is not the legendary trove of riches the Tokugawa shogunate government is rumored to have hidden during the closing days of the Edo period (1603-1867) as they faced defeat by Meiji government forces. Instead, it consists of reserve funds and surpluses in the central government’s special accounts. With an estimated value of 187 trillion yen ($1.9 trillion), some politicians believe that this “treasure” could be used to fund economic stimulus measures and social welfare plans. Arguments over how (and whether) to use this money and whether or not it can effectively bail out the Japanese government are intensifying as Japan’s economic situation worsens. [More]

36. Twisted Diet (nejire kokkai - ねじれ国会): “Twisted Diet” refers to the parliamentary gridlock resulting from the Democratic Party’s majority in the Upper House and the Liberal Democratic Party’s overwhelming majority in the Lower House.

37. Gasoline Diet (gasorin kokkai - ガソリン国会): Political wrangling over gasoline taxes took center stage in the 150-day Diet session that convened in January, earning it the nickname of the “Gasoline Diet.” While the ruling Liberal Democratic Party wanted to extend the “temporary” (30-year-old) gasoline tax hike to maintain funding for road and highway projects, the opposition Democratic Party of Japan wanted to let it expire to provide consumers relief at the pump.

38. Temporary tax (zantei zeiritsu - 暫定税率): The so-called “temporary” gasoline tax hike — which is actually over 30 years old — expired at the end of March after the parties failed to reach a compromise. However, it was reinstated one month later after a revote, and prices at the pump returned to their previous levels, jumping about 25 yen per liter ($1 per gallon) overnight.

39. Fuel surcharge (nenryou saachaaji - 燃料サーチャージ): This refers to the de facto surcharge tacked on to various goods and services as a result of skyrocketing oil prices.

40. Fishermen strikes (issei kyūryō - 一斉休漁): Fishing unions held a pair of token nationwide strikes this summer to protest rising fuel prices. Squid fishermen held a two-day strike in June. And in July, the nation’s fishermen held a massive one-day strike involving about 200,000 boats from all of Japan’s major fishing unions.

41. Manager in name only (nabakari kanrishoku - 名ばかり管理職): “Managers in name only” are company employees who put in lots of overtime but do not get paid for their extra work because they are called “managers,” even though in fact they have no administrative authority. One of these “managers in name only” at the McDonald’s fast-food chain filed a lawsuit against the company for unfair labor practices. In January, the Tokyo District Court ruled in his favor, ordering McDonald’s to pay its outlet “managers” for overtime because they are given no administrative authority. (The law is designed so that companies in Japan do not have to pay overtime to real managers with actual administrative authority.) [More]

42. Choriiissu (チョリ～ッス): Shibuya slang for “hello.”

43. Late-stage elderly (kōki kōreisha - 後期高齢者): “Late-stage elderly” — those aged 75 or older — now account for nearly 10% of the Japanese population, according to an annual survey by the Cabinet Office. The same report, which warned of an imminent pension crisis as the number of retirees reached a record 27 million (21.5% of the population), added that Japan has become a “full-fledged aged society.” In April, the government rolled out the Late-stage Elderly Health Insurance System to better cover people aged 75 and older. While the scheme has been criticized for various administrative shortcomings, the name itself also came under fire. Many found the phrase “late-stage elderly” offensive, so the government renamed the scheme as the more palatable “Long-Life Medical Health Insurance System.” [More]

44. Yuru-kyara (ゆるキャラ): With the buzz generated by Sento-kun (see #33 above), the mainstream media began to bandy about the term “yuru-kyara.” The expression was coined years ago by artist Jun Miura to describe the amateurish mascots frequently employed by local governments and others in grassroots PR campaigns. “Yuru” means “loose” or “weak,” while “kyara” means “character.”

Yuru-kyara in Shiga prefecture

The fact that yuru-kyara are poorly designed is a key element of their charm. [More]

45. Saiban Inko (サイバンインコ): To help promote the citizen jury system that starts in Japan next year, the Justice Ministry encouraged local prosecutors to come up with original ideas for yuru-kyara. One suggestion was a green parakeet named “Saiban Inko,” which is a play on the words saibanin (juror) and inko (parakeet).

Former justice minister Kunio Hatoyama helped spread the word about the jury system by parading around in a Saiban Inko costume for the press.

46. Free Tibet (フリーチベット): The “Free Tibet” rallying cry echoed across the world ahead of the Beijing Olympics.

47. Tainted rice (osen-mai/ jiko-mai - 汚染米／事故米): In September, it was revealed that tons of moldy, pesticide-tainted rice had been served up at more than 100 hospitals, homes for the elderly, and dozens of schools, and had been used as an ingredient in sake, shochu and rice crackers. Osaka-based wholesaler Mikasa Foods, which had originally purchased the contaminated rice for use in industrial products such as glue, ended up selling it to hundreds of companies across Japan to boost profits. The scandal forced the resignation of gaffe-prone farm minister Seiichi Ota, who had come under fire only weeks earlier for saying the government was forced to pay close attention to food safety because Japanese consumers are “fussy” (yakamashii - やかましい). [More]

48. Poison gyoza (doku-iri gyōza - 毒入りギョーザ): In January, 10 people in Japan fell seriously ill after eating frozen gyoza dumplings produced in China. Tests revealed extremely high levels of the pesticide methamidophos (see #49 below), prompting a full-blown food scare. Investigators suspect the poison was intentionally mixed into the food at the company’s factory in Hubei, China. The poisonings deepened consumer distrust toward Chinese food products and aggravated public sentiment toward China. [More]

49. Methamidophos (メタミドホス): Methamidophos, an organophosphate insecticide, became a household name in the wake of the the poison gyoza dumpling scare. Unhealthy amounts of the toxic pesticide were also discovered in the tainted rice that came to light in September. Methamidophos is not to be confused with melamine, a toxic substance that turned up in a host of other products imported from China this year, including powdered milk, chocolate, frozen dough, pastries and pizza.

50. Whispering matron (sasayaki okami - ささやき女将): The “whispering matron” is 70-year-old Sachiko Yuki, former president of upscale restaurant chain Senba Kitcho K.K., which closed down in May after a series of labeling scandals and revelations that it served expired and leftover food to customers. At a press conference held last December to apologize for wrongdoing, Yuki answered questions alongside her son Kikuo Yuki, also a Senba Kitcho executive. Each time reporters directed questions to him, Ms. Yuki could be heard muttering under her breath, telling him what to say and how to act. [Video]

51. Zero carbohydrates (toshitsu zero - 糖質ゼロ): As a result of the zero-carb trend that took off last year, the “zero” label is a common sight on drink shelves in Japan. The major breweries now offer a range of zero-carb alternatives.

Kirin Zero

Incidentally, anything less than 0.5 gram per 100 milliliters qualifies as zero.

52. Relaxed generation/ Unrelaxed education (yutori sedai/ datsu-yutori kyōiku - ゆとり世代／脱ゆとり教育): Japan’s yutori (”relaxed”) education policy is designed to reduce the amount of class time and content of the national primary education curriculum. In recent years, the mass media and others in Japan have blamed this policy of pressure-free education for the drops in scholastic ability. In a sign that attitudes are changing, new teaching guidelines released in March of this year advocated a policy of “unrelaxed” education. [More]

53. Pension Coverage Special Notice (nenkin tokubetsu bin - ねんきん特別便): Japan’s Social Insurance Agency unleashed a massive headache on pensioners this year in the form of the Pension Coverage Special Notice — a personalized statement outlining the details of each pensioner’s coverage history. Pensioners were instructed to carefully review their statements for errors and call the Social Insurance Agency if they found any discrepancies. In addition to finding the statement difficult to decipher, people complained of busy phone lines, having to wait their turn for hours, and operators that were unable to provide straight answers to questions.

54. “I’m different from you” (anata to wa chigau n desu - あなたとは違うんです): At a press conference following former prime minister Yasuo Fukuda’s sudden resignation in September, a reporter confronted Fukuda about his seeming detachment from the problems facing Japan and his resignation. Agitated, Fukuda fired back: “You said I sounded detached, but I am able to see myself objectively. I’m different from you.”

Fukuda-inspired ASCII art

Japan’s online community mocked Fukuda’s uncharacteristically blunt outburst for weeks. [More]

55. Filtering (フィルタリング): Major political parties within the Japanese government cooperated to draft legislation to regulate access to Internet content deemed “harmful” to minors. The bill requires mobile phone companies and Internet providers to offer filtering services that restrict access to websites on mobile phones and computers used by minors, but also ensures that parents have the option to refuse such services. The bill also calls for the government to provide financial support to private organizations that develop or promote the use of filtering software. [More]

56. Age-age (あげあげ): Shibuya slang for “exciting” or “exhilarating.”

57. “I’ve got nothing to say” (nani mo ienee - 何も言えねー): When a TV reporter asked Olympic swimmer Kosuke Kitajima for a comment immediately after winning the 100-meter breaststroke gold, he buried his face in a towel and said, “Sorry, I’ve got nothing to say.”

58. Ueno’s 413 pitches (ueno no 413-kyū - 上野の４１３球): Women’s softball pitcher Yukiko Ueno led Japan to a gold medal victory by throwing an astounding 413 pitches in three games over two days.

59. Kami-sama, Hotoke-sama, Ueno-sama (神様 仏様 上野様): Yukiko Ueno is from Fukuoka, the hometown of legendary 1950s-1960s Nishitetsu Lions pitcher Kazuhisa Inao, who long ago was praised as “Kami-sama, Hotoke-sama, Inao-sama” (lit. “God, Buddha, Inao”). Fukuoka fans recycled and updated the old expression following Ueno’s stellar Olympic performance.

60. “Yes, YES, YEEESSSS!” (yoshi, yoshi, yoooshi! - よし、よし、よーし！): Olympic TV commentator Taeko Utsugi (a former Olympic softball coach) lost her bearings while covering the women’s softball final. The moment Japan secured the gold medal, she burst out screaming, “Yes, YES, YEEESSSS!” before becoming completely unintelligible and breaking down in tears of joy. Later, after watching a tape of the broadcast, she admitted feeling a little embarrassed with herself.

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In sharp contrast to Japan’s far from burgeoning birth rate, the number of miniature dogs continues to mount, with seemingly billions of the unbearable and invariably bug-eyed little beasts everywhere. A fad that unusually for Japan shows no sign of slowing down, and appears to confirm claims that such pets are increasingly seen as child substitutes, which, with the excessive cooing they encourage along with their offensively fancy wardrobes, would seem to be spot on.

Plus, for people who don’t have a kid or a canine, there’s also the option of substituting the substitute with a, erm, substitute.

Or even several substitute substitutes.

Japanese miniature dog mania

Originally from Tokyo Times

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